This course introduces students to the principles of environmental responsibility and sustainable development, with a focus on industrial ecology and the energy transition. It explores how industries can reduce their environmental footprint through resource efficiency, waste valorization, circular economy strategies, and cleaner production. The course also examines the global shift toward renewable energy, low-carbon technologies, and sustainable energy systems. By the end of the course, students gain a solid understanding of key environmental challenges and the tools needed to support more sustainable and responsible industrial practices.